A Brief History Of |
Limited Test Ban Treaty8/5/63
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A Brief History Of
Nuclear Weapon 'Bans'Limited Test Ban Treaty
8/5/63
U.S., Britain and U.S.S.R. signed this treaty in Moscow.
It supposedly banned nuclear tests
above ground, under water and in space.Outer Space Treaty
1/27/67
This treaty banned deployment of
nuclear, biological or chemical
weapons on the moon or other
celestial bodies and space stations.
Also banned other methods of sending them into orbit,
but countries continued to build ICBMs.Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
(SALT)5/26/72
Richard Nixon and Leonid Breznev
agreed to this treaty signed in Moscow.
Imposed a 5 yr. ban on testing and
deployment of ICBMs and SLBMs.
A seperate ABM treaty was also
signed to limit ABM sites to 2/country
(each allows 100 ABMs).
Amended 7/3/74 to only allow 1 site/country.
Re-amended in 1996 to to allow more
short-range ABMs like the Patriot.SALT Extension
Sept. 1977
The U.S. and U.S.S.R. agree to extend SALT.
2 Crooks Sign SALTThreshhold Test Ban Treaty
7/3/74
Signed in Moscow by the U.S. and U.S.S.R.
it banned underground testing
of 'devices' of over 150 kilotons.SALT II
6/18/79
Signed in Vienna, Austria by the U.S. and U.S.S.R.,
SALT II limited each country to 2,400, single-
warhead rockets, and bombers until 1/1/85.
Allowed each side a total of 1,320
multiple warhead ICBMs and SLBMs.
U.S. Senate never voted to ratify it,
as U.S. President Carter withdrew support
after Soviet invasion of Afganistan in Dec. 1979.Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
12/8/87
Reagan and Gorbachev signed treaty
to ban all medium and short range
nuclear missiles in Europe and Asia.
Signed in Wash. D.C., it was ratified
by the U.S. Senate 5/27/88.
The Soviet Duma signed it on 6/1/88,
putting it into effect.Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
(START)7/31/91
This was the first treaty to actually call for reductions.
Missiles were to be scrapped and
their silos capped w/ concrete.
Signed in Moscow, the U.S. and U.S.S.R. agreed
to a 30% reduction in srategic nuclear weapons.
This was done over a 7 yr. period in 3 phases.
The U.S. Senate approved it on 10/1/92.
Dec. 1991 the U.S.S.R. broke up
into 4 seperate nuclear nations.
Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Belarus agreed
to transfer their weapons to Russia
and ratify START in 1992.
The Russian Supreme Soviet
voted to ratify START 11/4/92.
This was conditioned on the other 3 republics
officially ratifying START and signed the
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)
and becoming nonnuclear nations.
This was completed by 12/5/94.
In Dec. 96' Belarus became the last
to transfer it's warheads to Russia.START II
1/3/93
Probably the largest disarmament treaty in history.
It was signed in Moscow by the U.S. and Russia.
Both agreed to reduce their long-range
nuclear forces by 2/3rds over 10 yrs.
Launch systems were to be disabled and dismantled.
On 1/26/96 it was ratified by the U.S. Senate,
but on 9/26/97 the U.S. had to renegotiate and
put off dismantling of launch systems until 2007,
although they were still to be disabled by 2003.
This was because of Russian fears about
Dollar Bill's efforts to expand NATO
to cover Eastern European nations.
They also agreed to a 3rd round of
START talks to agree on more cuts.
Putin got the Duma to pass it in 2000.Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
9/24/96
Signed by the U.S. and Russia this
treaty bans all nuclear detonations.
146 nations had signed by Sept. 97',
but only 8 had ratified it.
The U.S. and Russia still have not ratified it.
